Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
Anorganische Umwelt-Geochemie/Forschung/Oka-Elbe

Arbeitsgruppe Prof. Dr. Dr. hc. mult. German Müller (Emeritus)

Anorganische Umwelt - Geochemie


 Oka-Elbe
In diesem Projekt werden anorganische und organische Schadstoffe sowie Nährstoffe in den Sedimenten der Oka und ihrer Nebenflüsse bestimmt. Mit dem Ziel vor allem den Ist-zustand der Schadstoffbelastung zu erkunden und daraus das zu erwartende Gefährdungspotential abzuschätzen, um gegebenfalls geeignete Sanierungsmaßnahmen ergreifen zu können.
Abb.1: Klyazma-River

     

In 1986 a contract was signed for the scientific-technical cooperation of the Russian Federation (former USSR) and the Federal Republic of Germany. Based on this contract, the Oka-Elbe Project was launched in Nizhniy Novgorod in 1992. Due to the excellent results, which were obtained until 1995, the Oka-Elbe Project was prolongated as Oka-Elbe Project (part 2).

Detailed investigations in the frame of the Oka-Elbe Project (part 2) have been started since October 1995. At the new phase of cooperation, much attention was paid on the studies of the heavy metal pollution of the Klyazma and the Moskva River Basins and their sediments, the most polluted parts of the Oka River drainage area, also methods for determining some organic contaminants in sediments have been developed. 

This paper presents the results of the detailed investigations of the heavy metal and organic pollution of the aquatic sediments of the largest part of the Moskva River Basin up- and downstream from the city of Moscow and of the main part of the Klyazma River Basin for the section from Moscow to Vladimir. Members of the All Russian Research Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Land Reclamation (VNIIGiM), Moscow, as well as the Institute of Environmental Geochemistry, University of Heidelberg, are responsible for this research.

This work is the first systematic investigation of the aquatic sediments of the Moskva River and the Klyazma River drainage areas. Its aim is to identify and quantify the content of pollutants, particularly heavy metals, and to start a long-term monitoring of the ecosystem, for which basic data of the sediment quality are required. Modern research in this field of science is mainly based on the idea that sediments reflect the biological, chemical and physical conditions of a waterbody and, therefore, have a monitoring function for the total quality of aquatic ecosystems (Förstner & Müller, 1973; Ackermann et al., 1983).


Abb.2: Klyazma- River

Total Metal Concentrations in the Fraction < 20 µm of the Aquatic Sediments

of the Klyazma River Drainage Area


Metal
September 1995
July 1999
Cd
0,04 - 83,62 mg/kg
0,01 - 58,4 mg/kg
Zn
54 - 3753 mg/kg
108 - 2760 mg/kg
Hg
0,08 - 24,24 mg/kg
0,10 - 2,65 mg/kg
As
18,6 - 493,2 mg/kg
4,8 - 209,5 mg/kg
Cu
21 - 978 mg/kg
20 - 840 mg/kg
Cr
37 - 1059 mg/kg
65 - 701 mg/kg
Pb
1,2 - 261 mg/kg
7,7 - 199,7 mg/kg
Ni
25 - 277 mg/kg
22 - 205 mg/kg
Mn
344 - 2440 mg/kg
413 - 2867 mg/kg
Fe
4,0 - 23,6 %
4,4 - 14,8 %

 

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